The US policy pertaining to Surface Mining is-- surface mining is one of the different methods of mining by which extraction of coal and other minerals can be performed
Coal mining operations contribute considerably to the US energy requirements. Surface coal mining is a particular method of extraction of the resource and it is important to the national interest to guarantee the existence of an expanding and economically healthy underground coal mining industry.
Many surface mining operations result in disruptions of surface areas that negatively affect trade and the public welfare by causing erosion and landslides and hence inviting floods. It also pollutes the water by destroying fish and wildlife habitats and by spoiling natural beauty
It is therefore utmost important to establish suitable standards to minimize damage to the environment and to productivity of the soil and to protect the health and safety of the public.
Surface mining technologies are now developed so that effective and reasonable regulation of surface coal mining operations by the States and by the Federal Government is an appropriate and necessary means to minimize the undesirable social, economic, and environmental impact of such mining operations.
The primary governmental responsibility for developing and enforcing regulations for surface mining and reclamation operations rest with the States
Surface and underground coal mining operations affect interstate commerce; contribute to the economic well-being, security, and general welfare of the Nation. Therefore, it is conducted in an environment-friendly manner and the cooperative effort is necessary to prevent and lessen unfavourable environmental effects of present and future surface coal mining operations.
