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Unorganised Labour

The specific problems faced by the workers in the Unorganised sector can be categorized into the following:
  1. The workers in the unorganised sector are dispersed, unorganized and have poor bargaining power in general.
  2. They suffer from seasonality of employment and lack of sustainable employment.
  3. Low legislative protection due to scattered and dispersed nature of employment.
  4. No formal employer-employee relationship.
  5. Inadequate welfare measures, as it is difficult to reach them due to lack of organization, budget constraints and other factors.
In order to ensure social security and welfare of unorganized workers, the Government has adopted various initiatives through enactment of legislations, creation of welfare funds, spreading education among the workers and through supporting non-governmental organisations to bring this deprived class into the mainstream of our work force. The legislative measures include the following:
  • The Minimum Wages Act, 1948
  • The Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923
  • The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
  • The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948
  • The Bonded Labour System Abolition) Act, 1976
  • The Contract Labour (Regulation & Abolition) Act, 1970
  • The Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979
The Building and Other Construction Workers (RECS) Act, 1996 and others The government has set up five Welfare Funds for providing welfare measures to the beedi, non coal mine and cine workers under the following Acts:
  • The Mica Mines Labour Welfare Fund Act, 1946
  • The Limestone and Dolomite Mines Labour Welfare Fund Act, 1972
  • The Beedi Workers Welfare Fund Act, 1976
  • The Iron Ore Mines, Manganese Ore Mines & Chrome Ore Mines Labour Welfare Fund Act, 1976
  • The Cine Workers Welfare Fund Act, 1981
The Funds are used to provide financial assistance to these workers for education of their children, recreation, medical and health facilities, construction of houses, etc. The Unorganised Sector Workers’ Social Security Bill, 2007 has been recently introduced in the Parliament which comprises of extensive welfare schemes for the unorganized workers.
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